Top water
Top water fishing uses lures that are designed to float above the surface of shallow to medium water depths. Lures are casted out on the surface to mimic the noise and imagery of bugs and or small fish that bass primarily eat. They can be used in a boat or onshore, top water fishing is both challenging and fun. Most people fish top water will the weather has overcast skies or at dusk using a medium to fast action speed for technique. Some recommended top water lures are poppers, frogs, and buzzbaits. I wouldn't start of using top water baits because they do require some skill to land fish with them.
Crankbait
Crankbaits are a moving bait made for mainly catching predatory species such but not limited to smallmouth, largemouth, pike, and muskie. It moves as an imitation of a baitfish in its enviroment. Crankbaits are designed so that the user can control how deep they dive into the water. Often crankbaits have a plastic lip which is how the lure is able to dive underwater. There are many different shapes and sizes of crankbaits and each differ from each other. The ones with a longer lip are ment to dive much more dramatic to its opposite called the lipless crankbait which is designed glide through the water with ease. Mostly all crankbaits will be used with a fast to very fast action speed. Crankbaits aren't the best lure to start with but are easily learned over time and practice.
Dropshots
Dropshots are a completely different choice from the other two. Being that dropshot rigs are designed to fish with a soft plastic lure (worm, minnow, or crawfish) on a hook with a weight of some type below These typically are used to find all those areas you would normally fish a lure through, but do it very slowly. Most to all dropshot rigs are used off a boat or water craft, if not its very difficult from the shoreline. The action for this lure it very slow to slow action you basically want let that lure hang there and wait for it be taken by the fish.